Melasma
What is melasma?
Melasma is a chronic skin condition that causes dark, discolored patches on the skin. It typically appears on the face, especially the forehead, cheeks, nose, upper lip, and chin. While melasma is harmless, it can be distressing due to its appearance. It is more common in women but can develop in men as well. It can be diagnosed on physical examination. Rarely is a biopsy or additional testing needed to make the diagnosis.
Melasma is triggered by an overproduction of melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color. Several factors can contribute to this, including:
- Sun Exposure – Ultraviolet (UV) light stimulates pigment producing cells called melanocytes.
- Visible light– Visible light, especially blue light can induce pigment production worsening melasma
- Hormonal Changes – Pregnancy, birth control pills, and hormone therapy can trigger melasma.
- Genetics – A family history of melasma increases the risk.
- Medications & Medical Conditions – Certain medications and thyroid disease can be associated with melasma.
Although melasma can be persistent, treatment options can help lighten the skin and prevent further pigmentation. The most essential part of treatment is UV and visible light protection. All patients should use a daily broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF30+. Tinted mineral based screens are recommended. Other measures include seeking shade and wearing wide-brimmed hats and sun-protective clothing.
Topical preparations with hydroquinone, glycolic acid, and kojic acid are used as well as vitamin C, niacinamide azelaic acid.
For severe cases, an oral medication called tranexamic acid can be used. Dr. Newsome will determine if a patient is a candidate for this treatment due to potential side effects.
In office procedures such as laser therapy, microneedling, and chemical peels are also effective treatment options. Dr. Newsome will offer these services in the future.
It is important to know that there is no “cure” for melasma and it can return despite treatment. With proper treatment and maintenance, it can be managed and kept under control.
Contact board-certified dermatologist Dr. Austin Newsome Newsome for evaluation and discussion of appropriate treatment options for your melasma. Her practice is in Rolesville, North Carolina.
At a Glance
Dr. Austin Newsome
- Board-certified dermatologist with over eight years of experience
- Builds trusted relationships with patients to support personalized skincare
- Offers general, cosmetic, and surgical dermatology
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